Variaciones de la configuración ductal pancreática: factor predisponente de pancreatitis recurrente / Variations of pancreatic ductal configuration: predisposing factor of recurrent pancreatitis

El páncreas es un órgano de origen endodérmico, que se desarrolla de dos esbozos intestinales separados, uno dorsal y otro ventral,a partir de la cuarta o quinta semana de gestación. El páncreas se origina en el intestino anterior en la parte correspondiente a lafutura segunda porción duodenal. Allí se originan dos brotes: uno posterior o dorsal que aparece a principios de la cuarta semanay crece rápidamente en el mesenterio dorsal y el otro brote es anterior o ventral. Este último da origen a dos brotes, uno origina unaparte del páncreas y otro a la vía biliar e hígado. Existen diferentes variantes anatómicas, derivadas de este desarrollo embrionario;su conocimiento es de vital importancia en pacientes con persistencia de dolor abdominal y episodios de pancreatitis recurrente.El objetivo de este artículo es una revisión de las variantes anatómicas del conducto pancreático que pueden manifestarse como pancreatitis idiopática recurrente. (AU)

The pancreas is an organ of endodermal origin, which develops from two separate intestinal sketches, one dorsal and one ventral,from the fourth or fifth week of gestation. The pancreas originates in the anterior intestine in the part corresponding to the futuresecond duodenal portion. There two shoots originate: one posterior or dorsal that appears at the beginning of the fourth week andgrows rapidly in the dorsal mesentery and the other outbreak is anterior or ventral. The latter gives rise to two outbreaks, oneoriginates a part of the pancreas and another to the bile duct and liver. There are different anatomical variants, derived from thisembryonic development; their knowledge is of vital importance in patients with persistent abdominal pain and episodes of recurrentpancreatitis. The objective of this article is a review of the anatomical variants of the pancreatic duct that can manifest as recurrent idiopathic pancreatitis. (AU)

Effects of partial hepatectomy on the distal ileum in rats.

INTRODUCTION: hepatectomy, both partial resection and transplant, has greatly developed and advanced during the last years as a result of a better understanding of surgical anatomy and the progress of technological means; it has also allowed a widening of surgical indications, including living-donor liver transplantation. The aims of our study was to assess the morphological impact of partial hepatectomy on the distal ileum, since the liver and intestine behave as a unit from an anatomical, functional, and metabolic point of view. MATERIAL AND METHODS: twenty-four Wistar rats were used; they were divided into two groups, a control and an experimental group (30, 90, and 180 days). We studied changes occurred in the distal ileum after a 70% liver resection, taking 4 parameters into account. RESULTS: an important drop in total thickness occurred at the ileum wall in the experimental group (p < 0.001). There were no important differences in villus height with regard to the control group. Thickness at the villi fell significantly (p < 0.01), as did the depth of the crypts, which diminished significantly in relation to the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: a 70% hepatectomy induces trophic changes on the distal ileum that remain in both the short and longer term, and causes atrophy of the ileum wall and a drop in villus thickness.